Abstract
In the face of growing global food security concerns and environmental sustainability challenges, the significance of accurately monitoring and managing offshore aquaculture cannot be overstated. This study addresses the critical scientific question of how to achieve high-precision mapping and assessment of China’s offshore aquaculture facilities, a task previously hindered by the limitations of existing research, including the use of low-resolution remote sensing data, oversimplified classifications of aquaculture facilities, inadequate performance of detection algorithms, and a lack of dynamic mapping capabilities. Our groundbreaking research employs advanced remote sensing techniques to map and analyze the spatial and temporal evolution of China’s offshore aquaculture, introducing a detailed classification system that distinguishes six distinct types of aquaculture facilities. By harnessing high-resolution satellite imagery and employing state-of-the-art deep learning models, we enhance detection algorithm performance, enabling more precise and efficient monitoring. Our findings provide a detailed distribution and change analysis over time, essential for informing sustainable management practices and policy development in the aquaculture sector. This study not only deepens the scientific comprehension of China’s marine aquaculture but also establishes a new benchmark for applying remote sensing in sustainable aquaculture management, emphasizing its role in enhancing precision, efficiency, and ecological sustainability in the context of global food security

Abstract
The potential of green leafy vegetables and underutilized plants in addressing global challenges in nutrition, health, and sustainability will be explored in three key sections.

The first section will focus on green leafy vegetables, highlighting their botanical diversity, consumption trends, and nutritional value, including their rich content of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Their role in supporting human health, biodiversity, and sustainable agriculture will be discussed, alongside the impact of climate change and future technological advancements in production and post-harvest handling.

The second section will cover underutilized plants, emphasizing their nutritional superiority and bioactive properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer effects. Their potential to diversify diets, combat malnutrition, and improve food security will be explored, alongside the challenges of limited research, commercialization, and societal awareness. Strategies for promoting and reintroducing these plants into modern food systems will be proposed.

Finally, the integration of these plants into global food systems will be addressed, stressing the importance of a diverse range of nutrient-rich plants for enhancing dietary diversity, preserving biodiversity, and strengthening food security. Opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration, policy development, and collective action to promote sustainable cultivation and consumption will also be discussed. The overall goal is to underscore how green leafy vegetables and underutilized plants can improve health and contribute to environmental and economic sustainability.

Abstract
Watershed pollution control and the advancement of ecological civilization are critical challenges arising from environmental degradation during rapid industrialization and urbanization. Effectively managing watershed pollution and promoting ecological civilization require an integrated approach that combines technological innovation, policy formulation, and community involvement. This paper explores the concept of synergistic innovation as a vital strategy for addressing the complexities of watershed pollution and fostering sustainable ecological development.

This report presents a range of advanced technologies and practices based on nearly 40 years of research team experience in watershed pollution control and ecological conservation. It emphasizes the integrated application of ecological restoration, sustainable resource management, and pollution reduction. The paper focuses particularly on innovative techniques such as ecological engineering, bio-remediation, and material cycling, which play essential roles in restoring polluted aquatic ecosystems and enhancing biodiversity. These methods not only reduce pollutant levels but also increase ecosystem resilience, contributing to the long-term sustainability of watersheds.

Additionally, the report highlights the importance of cross-sector collaboration in achieving successful outcomes. It advocates for cooperation among government agencies, academic institutions, and non-governmental organizations to create comprehensive policies and strategies that balance economic development with environmental protection. Through case studies from wetland and watershed management projects, the paper demonstrates how synergistic innovation can improve water quality, enhance biodiversity, and strengthen ecosystems’ ability to cope with environmental stressors.

In conclusion, synergistic innovation is key to advancing both watershed pollution control and the development of ecological civilization. By integrating technological, policy, and community-driven approaches, this strategy provides effective solutions to the environmental challenges facing watersheds while promoting a more sustainable and ecologically balanced future. The report calls for continued collaboration and innovation to address the pressing environmental challenges of today.

Abstract
Lakes around the world, including Ghana’s Lake Volta, are facing insidious threats from pollutants due to high dependency on aquatic ecosystems. Cage aquaculture is expanding across Africa because of its potential to address food insecurity, provide livelihoods, and boost local economies. However, the uncontrolled expansion of cage aquaculture can have significant negative impacts on water resources, including environmental footprints that threaten biodiversity. Given the intensification of cage aquaculture for tilapia farming on Lake Volta, we advocate for a transition to inland-integrated aquaculture systems that promote circularity. Strengthening stakeholder collaboration is essential for enhancing competence in mapping inland aquaculture areas, identifying eco-friendly alternatives and reinforcing aquaculture regulations, with particular emphasis on cage culture on Lake Volta. These strategies can reduce the pressures imposed by tilapia cage farms on the lake while promoting best management practices. Additionally, capacity building must be an ongoing process to address knowledge gaps, including the development of effective preparedness plans executed during emergencies. The ongoing pollution from illegal mining in the Black Volta River, a tributary of Lake Volta, along with endemic diseases in the lake, further compounds fish health and welfare issues. This underscores the urgent need to implement inland transition strategies to protect the lake, mitigate disease spread, and ensure safe fish food production.