The term “war,” derived from the Old English “werra,” denotes conflict, chaos, and destruction. While scholars’ debate whether war is an inherent aspect of human nature or a consequence of complex social evolution, its impacts on human life are universally devastating.
In Africa, wars have profoundly affected women, reversing developmental gains, disrupting livelihoods, and deepening socioeconomic inequalities. This study examines the economic consequences of war on Tigrayan women during the postwar period, focusing on household assets, food security, and living conditions. The findings reveal that women experienced substantial economic losses following the conflict. Essential assets such as beds, tables, and electronics were significantly reduced, while agricultural resources including oxen, solar units, generators, and ironing presses also declined sharply.These losses have compounded women’s economic hardship and eroded their means of livelihood.
Before the war, food insecurity was relatively low; however, during and after the conflict, 55.2% of women-headed households reported persistent food insecurity, and 57.1% faced difficulties accessing healthy food. Despite these challenges, housing stability remained
relatively constant, with 78.8% of households maintaining access to basic shelter and sleeping arrangements.
The results highlight the severe social and economic disruptions faced by women in post-war Tigray. Recovery efforts should prioritize restoring women’s essential assets, improving agricultural productivity, and expanding access to sustainable livelihoods. Targeted
humanitarian and development interventions are vital for rebuilding women’s economic independence and ensuring long-term community resilience.