The gas-solid erosion damage of key materials in oil and gas transportation and production is particularly severe. For 30CrMo alloy steel used in throttling manifolds of high-pressure and highproduction gas wells, systematic gas-solid erosion experiments were conducted using an air jet test apparatus compliant with ASTM G76, under high velocities (49–107 m/s), impact angles (15–90°), and inlet pressures (0.06–0.15 MPa). An erosion rate equation suitable for high-speed solid particle impact was established. Based on this, an optimal particle motion model considering compressible flow was constructed. Combined with the discrete phase model and gas-solid two-phase coupling method, a three-dimensional CFD erosion model of “reduced‑tuber‑nozzle‑erosion cavity” was developed, revealing flow field distribution, particle trajectory, and impact velocity characteristics. The model’s accuracy was validated by experimental data. For solid impurity erosion in natural gas gathering lines, gas-solid erosion experiments were performed on commonly used line pipes at impact angles of 30–90° and velocities of 45–72 m/s. Using scanning electron microscopy and three-dimensional profilometry, it was found that erosion rates decreased with increasing impact angle and increased with increasing velocity. The material removal mechanism shifted from ploughing to compaction and cracking. Erosion rate equations and CFD models for common gathering line steels were established, providing key support for erosion simulation of pipelines in complex flow fields.